absorbent article and method of making an absorbent article

专利摘要:
ABSORBENT ARTICLE UNDERSTANDING A MOISTURE DETECTOR The order deals with an absorbent article that has a back sheet with an absorbent core disposed on one side of the back sheet facing the body. On a rear side of the backsheet, a substrate is provided that supports a conductive pattern in the form of a liquid discharge detection circuit that is capable of being connected to an electric voltage generator to effect liquid discharge detection. At least one orifice or a plurality of orifices is formed through the backsheet to communicate portions of the conductive pattern with the absorbent core. Longitudinally adjacent pairs of revealed portions of the conductive pattern form liquid discharge detection regions to detect liquid discharge in the absorbent core. The detection regions are distributed longitudinally in relation to the absorbent core.
公开号:BR112014016037B1
申请号:R112014016037-6
申请日:2011-12-29
公开日:2020-07-21
发明作者:Mattias Bosaeus；Allan Elfström
申请人:Essity Hygiene And Health Aktiebolag；
IPC主号:

专利说明:

[0001] [0001] The present invention relates to an absorbent article comprising a moisture detector for detecting a discharge of liquid from the user of the absorbent article. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0002] [0002] WO 2007/070267 A1 discloses a diaper that has first to four conductive paths printed or laminated on an inner surface of an outer diaper cover. The first conductive path extends longitudinally from a frontal region of the diaper to a waist region, through a central region and serves as a reference electrode. The conductive pad is arranged at one end of the front waistband of the first conductive path. The second to fourth conductive paths assume a serpentine shape and are, respectively, located in the frontal region of the waist, in the crotch region and in a rear region of the diaper waist. Insulated conductors connect each of the first to fourth conductive paths to the respective conductive pads located on a front waist blanket portion of the absorbent article.
[0003] [0003] A signaling device is capable of securing the first to fourth conductive pads on the front waist portion. The signaling device is configured to apply a potential between the first conductive path and each of the second to the fourth conductive circuits to be able to separately determine the presence of liquid in the front, crotch and rear regions of the diaper based on the bridge formed through the liquid between two conductive paths to form a closed circuit.
[0004] [0004] A problem with the provision of WO 2007/070267 A1 is that the insulated conductors that extend between the conductive serpentine paths and the conductive pads are in electrical communication with the absorbent core. This means that a short circuit can occur between the isolated conductors and the first conductive path or reference electrode, which will give an indication that a liquid discharge is present in the serpentine path region, when, in fact, the trigger is occurring due to the discharge of liquid in the connection.
[0005] [0005] It would be desirable to provide an absorbent article with a moisture detector, which reduces or eliminates false detections, as described above.
[0006] [0006] In the provision of the patent WO 2007/070267 A1, the humidity detector performs the detection of moisture in a separate region form, but the arrangement shown requires the discharge of liquid to spread sufficiently laterally to be present laterally between the first path conductive or a reference electrode and conductive serpentine paths. In such an architecture, the area in which the conductive paths are interconnected is skewed out of the center, while the area that will first be subject to the discharge of liquid is a longitudinal centerline of the article.
[0007] [0007] An object of the present invention is to offer at least one humidity detector arrangement that is capable of detecting a longitudinal extent of a liquid discharge, and that is not deflected laterally. In addition, it is desirable to achieve this goal in a way that is convenient for manufacturing.
[0008] [0008] WO 2007/070267 A1 discloses a simpler structure for the conductive paths based on the serpentine region described above. In this simpler alternative, the absorbent article has two parallel conductive paths that extend longitudinally from a front portion to a rear part of the diaper. Although reasonably easy to manufacture, this architecture does not allow the determination of the longitudinal extent of a liquid discharge. What is desired is an absorbent article that is comparatively easy to make, but that provides longitudinal moisture discrimination.
[0009] [0009] The present invention aims to solve the above objectives and desirable characteristics for an absorbent article with a moisture detector. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0010] [0010] In a first aspect of the invention, an absorbent article is provided comprising an absorbent core to absorb a liquid discharge, and a plurality of conductive lines disposed on a first layer, optionally electrically insulating, which are partially covered by a second layer electrically insulating, in which portions of the conductive lines exposed by at least one opening in the second insulating layer are in electrical communication with the absorbent core, thus providing electrodes for detecting liquid discharge in the absorbent core, and in which portions of the conductive lines covered by the second insulating layer provide insulated conductors that extend between each electrode and a fixation area of the control unit, the second insulating layer ensures that the insulated conductors are electrically isolated from the absorbent core, in which the electrodes are arranged so that it is provided a plurality of l detection regions longitudinally separated, each detection region defined between a pair of electrodes that are electrically isolated from each other, when the absorbent core is dry and that are arranged so that when the control unit connects an electrical voltage to the corresponding isolated conductors and, when the absorbent core is wet, a conductive bridge is formed between the electrode pair of the wet absorbent core, wherein a longitudinal axis extends in a direction from the front to the back of the absorbent article when it is used.
[0011] [0011] The first aspect of the invention provides an electrode architecture that can discern longitudinally the extent of a discharge of liquid by means of a longitudinal distribution of a number of detection regions formed by electrodes that create a conductive bridge between them, when the absorbent core is wet. This longitudinal distribution of a series of insulated electrodes means that there will necessarily be a number of insulated conductors that extend longitudinally. These isolated conductors can form conductive bridges between them, which could cause false detection results. The second insulating layer avoids this problem by preventing such conductive paths that are formed between the isolated conductors through the wet absorbent core. In addition, this architecture is achieved in a form convenient for manufacturing, in the form of a laminated structure. There is design flexibility for the present invention, as insulated conductors can overlap the absorbent core, without interfering with the detection results.
[0012] [0012] That is, in the first aspect of the present invention, the absorbent core overlaps at least part of the second insulating layer and the underlying conductive lines that form the insulated conductors, when the absorbent article is placed in the flat state and seen flat by the side facing the body. In addition, the absorbent core overlaps the exposed portions of the conductive lines that form the electrodes.
[0013] [0013] In use, when the absorbent article is used, the discharge of liquid, such as urine, will pass to the absorbent core and the wet absorbent core will be put in at least partial contact with the second insulating layer and the electrodes. An electrical potential can be applied between the pairs of electrodes through the corresponding insulated conductors, and the discharge of liquid in the absorbent core produces a conductive bridge between the electrodes, allowing current to flow between them. When the absorbent core is dry, the electrodes are electrically isolated from each other. The second insulating layer prevents current from the isolated conductors through the wet absorbent core.
[0014] [0014] In one embodiment, at least one opening in the second insulating layer includes at least one hole providing at least one window that exposes the conductive lines to the absorbent core to form the electrodes, at least one window located so that the lines conductive parts are partially covered by the second insulating layer to form the insulated conductors. This arrangement makes it possible to expose the electrodes in an easy to manufacture way, since it only requires that one hole be drilled in the second layer.
[0015] [0015] In one embodiment, at least one opening in the second insulating layer includes a plurality of holes in the second insulating layer to provide a plurality of windows, a window to expose each of the portions of the conductive lines that form the electrodes. This embodiment provides a frame of insulating material around each of the electrodes, thus ensuring well-defined electrodes in a convenient manner for fabrication by the appropriate location of the holes.
[0016] [0016] In one embodiment, the electrodes are elongated and oriented laterally, in which isolated conductors are elongated and oriented longitudinally. This structure allows to define detection regions conveniently spaced longitudinally between laterally oriented electrodes. A more accurate resolution of regions is achieved by increasing the number of electrodes spaced longitudinally oriented laterally. In one embodiment, there are 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9 or more laterally oriented electrodes. In one embodiment, at least one opening in the second insulating layer includes a plurality of elongated holes, oriented laterally forming windows that expose the conductive lines, to form each of the electrodes.
[0017] [0017] In one embodiment, at least one opening in the second insulating layer includes a plurality of holes in the second layer that forms windows exposing portions of the conductive lines to the absorbent core in order to form each of the electrodes, where the windows are longitudinally spaced so as to form respective detection regions between longitudinally spaced electrode pairs.
[0018] [0018] In one embodiment, there are elongated and longitudinally oriented conductive lines, in which the electrodes are formed by portions of the longitudinally oriented lines exposed to the absorbent core by at least one opening in the second layer and the isolated conductors are formed by portions of the oriented lines longitudinally covered by the second layer. In one embodiment, the exposed portions are provided by at least one orifice that forms at least one window in the second layer. In another embodiment, a plurality of windows formed by respective holes in the second layer is provided, each window defining an electrode respectively. In this way, the longitudinally separated detection regions can be adequately provided by exposing portions of the lines with the second layer, which does not require transversely oriented electrodes, which can be more difficult to manufacture. In one embodiment, the lines extend longitudinally on both sides of the exposed part. This allows for manufacturing tolerance since the exposed parts do not have to be aligned with the end of the lines. In one embodiment, the lines extend from a longitudinal end portion of the first layer to the opposite end portion or from one longitudinal edge to the other. This arrangement is convenient for manufacturing, since the lines and the first layer can be combined indiscriminately in the longitudinal direction, with the exposed portions provided by the second layer defining the location of the electrodes. That is, longitudinal alignment between the first layer and the conductive lines is not necessary.
[0019] [0019] In one embodiment, the first and second layers of insulation combine to form a liquid impermeable back sheet of the absorbent article. That is, a laminate formed by the first and second layers of insulation (including the sandwiched conductive lines between them) is impermeable to liquid. In this embodiment, the first and second layers of insulation form a laminate, which can be used as the backing sheet of the absorbent core, while the liquid detection regions are integrated into such a laminate.
[0020] [0020] In a second aspect of the present invention, an absorbent article is provided comprising an electrically insulating back sheet having an absorbent core on one side facing the body of the back sheet and at least one liquid discharge sensor on a back side of the backsheet, and at least one hole in the backsheet communicating that at least one liquid discharge sensor, with the absorbent core so that the liquid discharge sensor has an altered electrical property when the absorbent core changes from a dry state to a wet state.
[0021] [0021] The second aspect of the invention uses a hole in the back sheet to electrically communicate the liquid discharge sensor with the core, which means that the liquid discharge sensor can be applied to the back side of the back sheet, which it can offer significant manufacturing advantages. An absorbent article can, for example, be manufactured on a regular basis and subsequently be modified with at least one hole in the backsheet and a liquid discharge sensor being applied from the rear side to allow the absorbent article to detect discharge of liquid. In addition, that at least one orifice can be designed to select a detection area from that at least one liquid discharge sensor placed in communication with the absorbent core. In use, the core and the liquid discharge sensor will contact each other at least when the core is wet, to allow the liquid discharge sensor to detect the moisture state of the absorbent core in the orifice. In one embodiment, the hole provides a window.
[0022] [0022] In one embodiment, the liquid discharge sensor is arranged to have spaced first and second conductive paths that communicate with the absorbent core through at least one orifice, so that when the absorbent core is positioned between the first and second paths conductive changes from a dry to a wet state, a conductive bridge is formed between the first and second conductive paths, which pass through the wet absorbent core.
[0023] [0023] In one embodiment, the liquid discharge sensor is provided for the first and second conductive paths that communicate with the absorbent core through a hole in the backsheet, so that when the absorbent core is positioned between the first and second paths conductive changes from a dry to a wet state, a conductive bridge is formed between the first and second conductive paths, which pass through the wet absorbent core in the orifice.
[0024] [0024] In another embodiment, the liquid discharge sensor is provided for first and second conductive paths that communicate with the absorbent core through the respective holes in the backsheet, so that when the absorbent core is positioned between the first and second paths conductive changes from a dry to a wet state, a conductive bridge is formed between the first and second conductive paths, which pass through the wet absorbent core between the holes.
[0025] [0025] In another embodiment, a plurality of liquid discharge sensors and a plurality of holes in the backsheet are provided, each liquid discharge sensor communicating with the absorbent core through at least one hole in the backsheet.
[0026] [0026] In one embodiment, a plurality of holes in the backsheet are provided, each hole revealing to the absorbent core an underlying conductive portion of a liquid discharge sensor. In one embodiment, a plurality of holes, or each of the holes, are spaced longitudinally, with a longitudinal axis extending in a direction from front to back.
[0027] [0027] In one embodiment, there are a plurality of holes in the backsheet and a plurality of electrically conductive paths that are electrically isolated from each other to form that at least one liquid discharge sensor, in which each of the holes communicates a respective conductive path with the absorbent core so that the current is able to flow from the conductive path in one hole to the other conductive path in another hole, when the absorbent core is wet.
[0028] [0028] In one embodiment, the backsheet, in addition to that at least one orifice, otherwise electrically insulates conductive paths that form the at least one liquid discharge sensor from the absorbent core.
[0029] [0029] In one embodiment, the total area of that at least one hole is less than 50%, 40%, 30%, 20% or 10% of the total area of the absorbent core when the absorbent article is placed in a flat state and is taken a plan view of the absorbent core. In one embodiment, the total area exposed to the absorbent core of the conductive paths or lines that constitute that at least one liquid discharge sensor is less than 50%, 40%, 30%, 20% or 10% of the total area of the conductive paths when the absorbent article is placed in a flat state and the absorbent core is seen flat. This feature makes it clear that the holes are a small part of the backsheet and the holes are smaller portions, compared to the length of the conductive paths.
[0030] [0030] In one embodiment, conductive circuits that form the sensor of at least one liquid discharge are in the form of lines. In one embodiment, there are a plurality of conductive lines that extend longitudinally and are spaced laterally from each other, in which a longitudinal axis is in a front to back direction of the absorbent article. That at least one hole, reveals a part of each of the conductive lines to the absorbent core. Preferably, there is a respective orifice for each longitudinal conductive line. In another embodiment, there is a plurality of spaced longitudinal conductive lines connected to a respective lateral conductive line, the lateral conductive lines being spaced longitudinally from each other, that at least one orifice revealing part of each of the lateral conductive lines to the absorbent core. Preferably, there is a respective orifice for each of the lateral lines. In one embodiment, each hole reveals part of the lateral line to the absorbent core. The embodiment in which the lines run longitudinally exclusively offers an easy-to-manufacture version of the absorbent core, since the conductive lines do not have to be angled in relation to a machine feed direction. In the embodiment where there are also lines extending laterally, there is an advantage that a longitudinal progression of discharge of liquid through the absorbent core can be reliably followed.
[0031] [0031] In one embodiment, that at least one liquid discharge sensor is provided by a conductive material that is partially communicated with the absorbent core through that at least one orifice. There may be a plurality of paths or lines that constitute the at least liquid discharge sensor, each of the paths or lines is partly revealed through that at least one orifice. In one embodiment, a part of each of a plurality of conductive lines is in communication with the absorbent core through a respective hole in the backsheet. The present embodiments allow electrical communication with the absorbent core to be achieved in a straight forward manner, only partially revealing the conductive material, which provides discrete, well-defined detection regions.
[0032] [0032] In one embodiment, that at least one liquid discharge sensor is placed on a carrier sheet or substrate. In one embodiment, the carrier sheet is attached to the rear face of the back sheet. The absorbent core is arranged on a front face of the backsheet. In one embodiment, the combination of the carrier sheet and the backsheet allows a liquid-impermeable back layer to prevent liquid discharge from passing through it. In other words, the carrier sheet covers the holes in the rear sheet.
[0033] [0033] In one embodiment, the backsheet is made of a liquid impermeable material. The backsheet can be the backsheet of a diaper, such as a diaper for incontinent adults or an intimate napkin. In one embodiment, the backsheet includes contours of the leg to fit with the user's leg. In one embodiment, the backsheet is sized and shaped to include a hook portion that extends between a user's legs and for the front and rear waist portions to wrap around the user's buttocks and front area of the waist. In one embodiment, the backsheet has a fastening mechanism disposed on it, so that the absorbent article is able to be secured around a user's waist. In one embodiment, the backsheet forms at least a part of an outermost layer of the absorbent article.
[0034] [0034] In one embodiment, the backsheet forms a substrate for the absorbent core, where the absorbent core is positioned inside the backsheet, when the absorbent article is placed in a flat state and viewed in plan. In one embodiment, the absorbent core includes a mixture of absorbent fibers and superabsorbent particles.
[0035] [0035] In the embodiment, the absorbent core also includes a lining on the side facing the liquid-permeable body, in which the absorbent core is interspersed between the back sheet and the lining on the side facing the body.
[0036] [0036] In one embodiment, that at least one liquid discharge sensor comprises at least one pair of longitudinally spaced conductive elements, which are in communication with the absorbent core through that at least one hole, in which the pair or pairs are adjacent longitudinally conductive elements are spaced longitudinally by a minimum of 0.01L, 0.02L, 0.05 L, or 0.1 L and / or by a maximum of 0.5 L or 0.4 L or 0.3 L or 0.2L, where L is a total longitudinal length of the absorbent core when the absorbent article is extended in the plane and seen in plan. This spacing requirement can also apply to the holes that reveal their conductive elements. It was found that such longitudinal spacing provides sufficiently dense, but not too many, detection regions.
[0037] [0037] In one embodiment, a plurality of liquid discharge sensors are distributed longitudinally over at least 0.5 L, 0.6 L, 0.7 L, 0.8 L or 0.9 L, where L is a total longitudinal extension of the absorbent core when the absorbent article is placed in a flat state and the absorbent core is seen in plan.
[0038] [0038] In embodiments of the various aspects of the present invention, the liquid discharge sensor is described as being capable of detecting a change from a dry to a wet state of an absorbent core. This is achieved through a change in an electrically conductive property as a result of the wet state of the core, and the change in electrical property is detected by the liquid discharge sensor. It is also the case that different degrees of humidity can be detected. Thus, the electrical property will change to a different degree, depending on the degree of moisture in the absorbent core (up to a saturation point). The various forms of liquid discharge sensor disclosed here are capable of detecting not only a transition from dry to wet from a relatively drastic change in electrical properties, but also a change in electrical property, as a result of the absorbent core becoming more wet.
[0039] [0039] In a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of manufacturing an absorbent article which comprises the formation of an electrically conductive pattern on a substrate, forming at least one hole in the electrically insulating material of the back sheet of the absorbent article, providing an absorbent core, and making the article absorbent so that the substrate is placed on the back side of the back sheet, the absorbent core is placed on the side facing the body of the back sheet, the absorbent core is placed in that at least one hole, and so that the part of the conductive pattern is revealed to the absorbent core through that at least one orifice, through which the current flow is changed between subparts of the part of the conductive pattern when the absorbent core changes from a dry state to a state wet.
[0040] [0040] The third aspect of the present invention provides a way to make an absorbent article that is readily undertaken on a larger scale in a factory process. The method requires a step of making holes and a step of forming a conductive pattern on a substrate, both of which can be made by a manufacturer in order to produce absorbent articles with a high speed output and at an acceptably low cost . The alignment of the holes and the conductive pattern is also a step that the person skilled in the art is able to implement using, for example, marker technology. The resulting absorbent article will conduct a higher current through the absorbent core, when the core is wet and the conductive pattern is subject to an electrical potential. The electrical insulating backsheet and the holes mean that the regions of current flow through the absorbent core can be adapted as desired.
[0041] [0041] In one embodiment, the wet absorbent core produces a conductive bridge between the subparts, which provides a measurable effect on the electrical property, compared to the dry absorbent core. In one embodiment, the subparts are parts of the conductive pattern electrically isolated from each other and the wet absorbent core provides a conductive bridge between the electrically isolated parts. In another embodiment, the subparts are part of the conductive pattern that is electrically bonded, but the wet absorbent core creates a conductive bridge providing a reduced resistance conduction path.
[0042] [0042] In one embodiment, that at least one hole is a plurality of holes, each hole revealing a part of the conductive pattern to the absorbent core. In one embodiment at least some of the plurality of holes are spaced longitudinally along the absorbent core, each orifice of the plurality of holes, revealing a part of the conductive pattern to the absorbent core. Longitudinally spaced holes thus reveal subparts of the conductive pattern that can be arranged so that longitudinally directed conductive bridges form between them when the absorbent core is wetted. There may be at least 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9 of such holes in the backsheet, respectively, revealing a part of the conductive pattern.
[0043] [0043] In one embodiment, the conductive pattern comprises a plurality of conductive lines. In one embodiment, the conductive lines are oriented longitudinally and / or laterally with respect to a central longitudinal axis that passes through the absorbent core, which, therefore, is elongated when the absorbent article is seen in the plane and plane. The revealed part of the conductive pattern can be the parts of the longitudinal lines or the lateral lines. This linear structure of the conductive pattern provides an architecture that is easier to manufacture than the more complicated designs, while the holes allow the conductive bridges through the absorbent core to be ideally located with respect to the design of a liquid discharge detection circuit.
[0044] [0044] The portion of the conductive pattern revealed to the absorbent core is a smaller part, perhaps less than 20% or 10%, of the portion of the conductive pattern overlaid by the absorbent core (when the absorbent article is seen flat and arranged flat), but separated from the absorbent core by the back sheet. This feature gives context to the ability of the conductive holes to properly select the liquid discharge detection regions in relation to the total coverage of the conductive pattern. In addition, the pattern may be required to form conductive paths, which are separated from the absorbent core by the backsheet, which means that only a small part of the conductive pattern would be required to be in communication with the absorbent core. In one embodiment, a portion of the conductive pattern is prevented from forming conductive bridges with the absorbent core wetted by the electrically insulating layer so that the conductive bridges only extend between subparts of the revealed part of the conductive pattern. In one embodiment, the hindered portion is a major portion of the conductive pattern that is located below the absorbent core when the absorbent article is seen to be flat and flat.
[0045] [0045] The substrate can be attached to the back sheet. Fixing can be done by an adhesive layer, ultrasonic welding or other known means.
[0046] [0046] In one embodiment, the combination of the backsheet and the substrate provides a liquid impermeable outer coating of the absorbent article.
[0047] [0047] In a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a laminate comprising a first electrically insulating layer, and a second electrically insulating layer, which are laminated together with a plurality of conductive lines sandwiched between the first and second electrically layers insulating, in which each of the conductive lines is electrically separated from the others, in which the second electrically insulating layer comprises at least one hole to expose a portion of each of the conductive lines, in which the laminate is such that an absorbent core is capable of to be placed on the second insulating layer to bring the exposed parts into contact with the absorbent core.
[0048] [0048] This laminate is capable of being fed in a process for the manufacture of absorbent articles to produce an absorbent article that has the ability to detect liquid. The use of such a laminate can make the process of making an absorbent article with liquid detection more efficient.
[0049] [0049] In one embodiment, a plurality of holes is provided in the second insulating layer, each hole exposing a portion of each of the conductive lines. The exposed portions provide electrodes in contact with the absorbent core, which are convenient and well defined by the shape and position of the holes.
[0050] [0050] In one embodiment, the laminate is elongated and the exposed parts of each of the conductive lines are longitudinally spaced from each other. This allows for longitudinal discrimination of the location or extent of a liquid discharge.
[0051] [0051] In one embodiment, there are at least 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or more conductive lines. There may therefore be a corresponding number of holes. Each of the holes can be spaced longitudinally from the other holes. The more lines and holes there are, the more detection regions there can be, which will provide a better detection resolution. In addition, even with a large number of exposed electrodes, the isolated conductors are conveniently isolated from the absorbent core by the covered part of the conductive lines offered by the second insulating layer.
[0052] [0052] In one embodiment, the laminate is impermeable to liquid. This allows the laminate to be used as a backsheet for the construction of an absorbent article.
[0053] [0053] In one embodiment, the conductive lines are oriented longitudinally.
[0054] [0054] In one embodiment, the conductive lines continue to extend on both sides of the exposed part in relation to a direction of extension of the conductive lines. In another embodiment, the conductive lines extend beyond the portion exposed on both sides in the longitudinal direction of the laminate. This characteristic allows a certain tolerance in the placement of the holes.
[0055] [0055] In one embodiment, an absorbent article is provided comprising the laminate described above as a back layer and including an absorbent core arranged on one side facing the body of the back sheet, so as to cover at least one hole.
[0056] [0056] In a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of manufacturing an absorbent article comprising providing the laminate described above, and forming the absorbent article with the laminate as a backing sheet of the absorbent article and disposing an absorbent core. in the second insulating layer, so that the exposed parts come into electrical contact with the absorbent core and form the absorbent article including the bottom layer and the absorbent core.
[0057] [0057] In a sixth aspect of the present invention, an absorbent article is provided, comprising a plurality of conductive lines extending over an upper part of an electrically insulating layer and in electrical contact with an absorbent core of the absorbent article, in whereas the plurality of conductive lines extends through the electrically insulating layer to extend on the underside of the electrically insulating layer in a first direction, with the conductive lines extending transversely on the upper and lower sides of the insulating layer, and in which respective insulated conductors extend longitudinally between each conductive line on the underside of the electrically insulating layer and a fixation area of the control unit.
[0058] [0058] The sixth aspect of the present invention provides a mechanism for detecting the discharge of liquid into an absorbent core by arranging conductive lines on one side of an insulating layer facing the absorbent core. Each of these lines is connected to an isolated conductor of the absorbent core as it is provided on one side of the insulating layer facing away from the absorbent core. In this way, the current can be applied to a pair of conductors isolated from a control unit connected to the fixing area of the control unit and, if the core is wet in the place between the conductive lines, then the current will pass between the corresponding conductive lines through the wet core. If the core is dry, the corresponding conductive lines remain electrically isolated from each other. A transverse arrangement of the conductive lines requires the current to flow longitudinally, which allows a longitudinal extent of a liquid discharge to be determined, in particular if there are a plurality of adjacent pairs of conductive lines. Isolated conductors could potentially interfere with measurements since they also extend longitudinally. The isolated conductors do not provide eddy current paths, however, since they are isolated from the wet absorbent core, extending on the side of the insulating layer facing away from the core. The transverse extension of the conductive lines on the rear side of the insulating layer provides a greater distance along which the longitudinal insulated conductors can intersect or intersect with them, thus facilitating fabrication.
[0059] [0059] In one embodiment, the conductive lines and the insulated conductors are formed and connected separately.
[0060] [0060] In one embodiment, there are at least 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or more conductive lines. In one embodiment, each of the conductive lines is spaced longitudinally from the others.
[0061] [0061] In one embodiment, the isolated conductors are arranged on a substrate and the substrate is connected to the underside of said insulating layer to connect the isolated conductors and the conductive lines. Manufacturing is simplified since the transverse lines can be laid on the insulating layer in one stage, the longitudinal insulated conductors can be connected to the substrate in another stage and the isolated conductors and lines can be joined in a third modular stage.
[0062] [0062] In one embodiment, the cross-sectional length of conductive lines on the underside of the insulating layer is incrementally greater than the longitudinal distance from the fixing area of the control unit increases. This provides clearance for longer insulated conductors that go to the transverse lines positioned farther from the control unit's fixing area, without crossing intermediate transverse lines.
[0063] [0063] In one embodiment, before the substrate is attached to the insulating layer, the underside of the insulating layer forms a rear outer surface of the absorbent article.
[0064] [0064] In one embodiment, the transverse conductive lines are conductive threads sewn into the insulating layer to extend through the insulating layer, and extend transversely on both sides of the insulating layer. The claimed construction reduces the complexity of the seam, since the threads do not have to be routed back to the fixing area of the control unit. The wires can be polymeric wires coated with a conductive material (for example, metal) or conductive wire (for example, metal).
[0065] [0065] In one embodiment, the insulated conductors are coated or printed on a substrate that is attached to the underside of the insulating layer. Thus, the insulated conductors can be easily connected to the lines using a pre-prepared substrate carrying the insulated conductors. The substrate may have conductive foil or conductive ink deposited on it.
[0066] [0066] In one embodiment, the substrate forms the coupling area of the control unit. The substrate can thus be conveniently constructed to have the properties of the desired material (e.g., stiffness) for the formation of an effective common attachment point of the control unit.
[0067] [0067] In one embodiment, the coupling area of the control unit is in the form of a protruding element resembling a flap.
[0068] [0068] In one embodiment, the isolated conductors converge to the fixation area of the control unit.
[0069] [0069] In one embodiment, the insulated conductors are provided as longitudinal strips.
[0070] [0070] In a seventh aspect of the present invention, a method of manufacturing an absorbent article is provided, comprising providing an electrically insulating backsheet, with a plurality of conductive units, the conductive units comprising, respectively, a conductive portion arranged on a side facing the body of the electrically insulating back sheet, a conductive line arranged and extending over a back side of the back sheet and a conductive path connecting the conductive line and the conductive portion when passing through the back sheet; providing a substrate having a plurality of conductive conductors isolated therein; arrange the substrate on the back side of the back sheet, so that the insulated conductors, respectively, connect with the conductive lines on the back side of the back sheet; wherein the absorbent article is made having an absorbent core disposed on the side facing the backsheet body, so that the conductive parts of the side facing the backsheet body are usable to determine a change in electrical property when the absorbent core changes from a dry to a wet state.
[0071] [0071] The seventh aspect of the present invention offers an advantageous manufacturing process insofar as the conductive lines for detecting liquid discharge in the absorbent core extend through the backsheet and insulated conductors are connected by means of the simple step of arranging the substrate appropriately in relation to the absorbent core. The linear shape of the conductive paths on the rear side of the backsheet allows the conductive paths on the rear side to extend properly to reach the conductive insulated conductors. The insulating backing sheet allows the conductors to be isolated from the core.
[0072] [0072] In one embodiment, the conductive insulated conductors are staggered in length and the conductive lines are staggered in length, so that each electrode intersects with a conductive line without intersecting with the other conductive lines.
[0073] [0073] In one embodiment, each isolated conductor extends to a common contact area to come into contact with a potential generator. In one embodiment, the substrate provides the common contact area. In one embodiment, the substrate projects from the backsheet into the common contact area. In this way, the common contact area can be made of a suitable material to which the potential generator is mounted, as determined by the substrate. The protruding shape provides a flap as a common contact area that is easy to attach to the potential generator.
[0074] [0074] In one embodiment, the conductive portions are electrically isolated from each other when the absorbent core is dry, the conductive lines are electrically isolated from each other and the conductive insulated conductors are electrically isolated from each other. In this way, a potential can be applied to each of the conductive portions through the corresponding isolated conductor and line to provide liquid discharge detection regions through combinations of the conductive portions. A conductive bridge is formed between the conductive parts activated when the absorbent core is wet, which is not present when the absorbent core is dry.
[0075] [0075] In one embodiment, the conductive portions are in the form of conductive lines that extend on one side facing the body of the backsheet. In one embodiment, the conductive lines on the side facing the backsheet body are of equal length. In one embodiment, the conductive lines on the side facing the rear sheet body are laterally oriented and spaced longitudinally from each other. This detection architecture was found to be beneficial in determining data on the volume and frequency of liquid discharge, as well as longitudinal propagation.
[0076] [0076] In one embodiment, the conductive lines on the rear side of the backsheet are oriented laterally. In one embodiment, the conductive insulated conductors are oriented longitudinally. This provides a useful architecture as it allows a common contact surface to be provided in a position longitudinally separated from the detection region, such as in a waist area of the absorbent article.
[0077] [0077] In one embodiment, the conductive line, the conductive connection path and the conductive portion of the conductive units are continuous. In one embodiment, they are formed by conductive insulated conductors. The method may comprise sewing the conductive insulated conductor through the backing sheet of the absorbent article. The sewing step can be carried out from the back side of the absorbent article so that the thread passes from the back side of the back sheet through the side facing the back sheet body. The sewing method allows the liquid discharge means to be adapted to an existing absorbent article. The insulated conductors are conveniently applied not by sewing, but by arranging the substrate properly.
[0078] [0078] In one embodiment, the conductive insulated conductors are provided by a layer on the substrate, such as a foil, a coating, an impression of the insulated conductors (for example, using conductive ink). The method may comprise the step of applying the conductive insulated conductors to the substrate. These non-limiting methods for forming insulated conductors allow conductive insulated conductors to be applied efficiently to a material.
[0079] [0079] In embodiments of the various aspects of the present invention, the orifice (or holes) is (have) an area of at least 4mm2, 9mm2, 16mm2, 2cm2, 3cm2. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
[0080] [0080] Figure 1 shows an absorbent article and, in particular, a sequence of manufacturing steps 1a to 1d to make the absorbent article. In manufacturing step 1a, a plurality of conductive insulated conductors is provided on a substrate. Each insulated conductor extends from a common starting position on the substrate and extends over different lengths to a different finishing position. Conductive insulated conductors are provided as a coating or impression on the substrate.
[0081] [0081] In manufacturing step 1b, an absorbent article is provided. The absorbent article shown is a diaper for incontinent adults having a liquid impermeable back sheet, a liquid permeable top sheet and an absorbent core disposed between them.
[0082] [0082] In manufacturing step 1c, insulated conductors or conductive lines are arranged on one side facing the backsheet body and on a back of the backsheet in a way that passes through the backsheet so that corresponding lines in the side facing the rear leaf body and the rear side of the rear leaf are continuous with each other. When a discharge of liquid in the absorbent core connects a pair of conductive lines or filaments, in particular an adjacent pair, the current can be passed between the conductive lines or filaments. In order to apply an electrical potential between the pair of conductive lines or filaments, the combination of conductive insulated conductors and the substrate provided by manufacturing step 1a are arranged on a back side of the backsheet so that the respective conductive insulated conductors on the substrate connect with respective conductive lines or filaments at the back of the rear sheet.
[0083] [0083] In the manufacturing step 1d, the insulated conductors are fixed in the position shown in Figure 1c through the adhesion of a liquid-impermeable plastic or hydrophobic non-woven layer on the back side of the substrate so that the liquid-impermeable layer or hydrophobic is adhered to the back side of the substrate and the back of the back sheet. This outer layer ensures against leakage of the absorbent article, taking into account the holes made in the back sheet by the passage of the filaments or conductive lines through the back sheet.
[0084] [0084] Figure 2 shows the manufacturing steps to make an absorbent article that is capable of detecting the discharge of liquid in an absorbent core.
[0085] [0085] In manufacturing step 2a, a conductive pattern is formed on a substrate, where the conductive pattern includes portions of conductive insulated conductors and detection portions of a plurality of conductive filaments. Each portion of insulated conductors extends back to a region of common contact on the substrate. The conductive pattern can be printed, coated or finely laminated in another way on the substrate.
[0086] [0086] In manufacturing step 2b, a plurality of through holes are made in the backsheet of an absorbent article. The absorbent article shown in part 2b of Figure 2 is a diaper for incontinent adults.
[0087] [0087] In manufacturing step 2c, the substrate supplied in step 2a is disposed on a rear side of the backsheet, so that the respective conductive portions of the conductive pattern are aligned with the holes in the backsheet, in order to communicate with the absorbent core, so that when an electrical potential is applied between a pair of conductors and the wet absorbent core extends between the conductive parts in the holes, the current is then able to flow between the pair of conductive portions.
[0088] [0088] In the manufacturing step 2d, the conductive pattern is fixed in the position shown in Figure 2c, adhering a layer of hydrophobic or liquid impermeable non-woven on the back side of the substrate, in order to overlap the back of the sheet rear. The liquid-impermeable or hydrophobic layer not only serves to secure the substrate against the back side of the backsheet, but also ensures that the liquid-impermeable integrity of the absorbent article is maintained in relation to the holes formed through the backsheet.
[0089] [0089] Figure 2e shows an exploded view of the absorbent article of the type of Figure 2 to clearly show how a backing sheet of the substrate, an electrical circuit, the holes in a backing sheet and an absorbent core of the absorbent article are arranged. That is, an electrical circuit for detecting liquid discharge is arranged on a support substrate. An absorbent article is disposed on a backsheet and the backsheet is positioned in relation to the holes so that parts of the electrical circuit are revealed to the absorbent core through the holes. Longitudinally adjacent orifices provide liquid discharge detection regions between them.
[0090] [0090] Figure 3 shows another embodiment of an absorbent article in which a liquid discharge detection circuit is supported on a substrate and communicated with an absorbent core of the absorbent article through holes formed in a liquid impermeable back sheet. absorbent article. In the embodiment of Figure 2, the liquid discharge detection circuit disposed on the substrate is in the form of insulated conductors that extend longitudinally, that do not coincide with the holes in the rear sheet and detection electrodes that extend laterally and coincide with a respective hole that extends laterally in the back sheet. Figure 3 differs in that the liquid discharge detection circuit is provided in the form of longitudinally extending lines, in which a portion of each of the longitudinally extending lines is exposed to the absorbent core through a small hole in the backsheet, which is shown in a circular shape in the present embodiment.
[0091] [0091] Figure 4 shows another embodiment of an absorbent article, in which a liquid discharge detection circuit is disposed on a substrate connected to a rear part of a back sheet, in which portions of the liquid discharge detection circuit liquid are communicated with the absorbent core through holes in the back sheet of the absorbent article. In the embodiment of Figure 4, the liquid discharge detection circuit is provided in the form of elongated first and second loops that are longitudinally oriented, with the opposite ends of the first and second loops being closed and opposite ends of the first and second loops being open to provide terminal ends. These open loop shapes are thus arranged inverse to each other in the longitudinal direction. A plurality of holes are provided in the backsheet and reveal portions of both the first and second loops respectively to provide discrete detection regions separated in the longitudinal direction.
[0092] [0092] Figure 5 shows a laminate structure for use in the manufacture of an absorbent article, particularly a back sheet of the absorbent article. The laminate is impermeable to liquid. The laminate comprises first and second layers with a conductive pattern disposed between them. One of the layers includes a plurality of holes to expose respective portions of the conductive pattern out of the laminate so that when an absorbent article is placed over the holes in the laminate, the conductive portions electrically communicate with the absorbent core. In the configuration shown, the conductive lines extend longitudinally and their opposite ends terminate at the longitudinal ends of the laminated structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
[0093] [0093] Figure 1 shows a series of manufacturing steps 1a to 1d in the formation of an absorbent article that is capable of electronically detecting discharges of liquid in an absorbent core of an absorbent article.
[0094] [0094] Figure 1a shows a manufacturing step in which a plurality of conductive insulated conductors (2) is arranged on a substrate (1). There are seven insulated conductors (2), in the embodiment shown to electrically connect to a respective detection electrode (3). Other numbers of isolated conductors (2) and electrodes (3) could be used, such as two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight or nine or more. The conductive insulated conductors (2) extend from a common contact area (4), at one end of the substrate (1) to different longitudinal positions along the substrate (1), which correspond, respectively, to a longitudinal position of the detection electrodes (3) along an absorbent article (5). The substrate (1) can be in the form of a plastic film or even paper. One purpose of the substrate (1) is to serve as a carrier for the conductive insulated conductors (2). The conductive insulated conductors (2) can be in the form of a metallic foil (for example, aluminum) adhered to the substrate (1) or conductive ink printed on the substrate (1). These forms of conductive insulated conductors are useful because they can be attached to the substrate (1) in a continuous method of manufacturing the type of production line.
[0095] [0095] Figure 1b shows the absorbent article (5). The absorbent article (5) is a conventional diaper for incontinent adults, including a back sheet (8), first and second absorbent cores (6), (7) and a top sheet (not shown). The absorbent article (5) is shown in plan view, with the absorbent article (5) arranged flat. The absorbent article (5) includes a front waist region (11), a crotch region (10) and a back waist region (9), distributed in the longitudinal direction of the absorbent article (5). The first absorbent core or lower absorbent core (6) has a larger area than the second absorbent core or upper core (7), so that the upper absorbent core (7) forms an island in the lower absorbent core (6). The lower and upper absorbent cores (6), (7) are sandwiched between the backsheet (8) and the upper sheet to form the absorbent article (5). The top sheet, as the skilled person understands, is permeable to liquid in order to allow a discharge of liquid to pass through it and reach the absorbent core (6), (7), while the back sheet (8) is impermeable liquid to prevent leakage of the absorbent article (5). The absorbent article (5) includes leg contours opposite laterally which are elasticized to firmly accommodate the absorbent article (5) around a user's legs and buttocks. Likewise, portions of the front and rear waist strips are provided which are elasticized so as to justly form the absorbent article (5) around the wearer's waist.
[0096] [0096] Figure 1c shows the absorbent article (5) associated with the substrate (1), which has conductive insulated conductors (2) arranged in it, and also with detection electrodes (3). Returning to the first detection electrodes (3), each one is provided in the form of conductive filaments that form a loop in order to extend laterally along a side facing the body of the back sheet (8), through the sheet rear (8) and so that it extends laterally on a rear side of the rear leaf (8). The circuit is open due to the fact that the conductive filaments do not extend backwards through the rear leaf (8). The liquid discharge electrodes (3) are spaced longitudinally in relation to each other. In the shown embodiment, the liquid discharge electrodes (3) are evenly spaced and distributed longitudinally along the total length of the upper absorbent core (7). The liquid discharge electrodes (3) have a substantially equal lateral extension and are positioned laterally equally to each other. The liquid discharge electrodes (3) extend to different lateral extensions at the rear of the rear leaf (8). More particularly, the liquid discharge electrodes (3) have a smaller lateral extension at the rear of the rear leaf (8) since the liquid discharge electrodes (3) are positioned more closely with respect to the posterior region of the waist (9) in the longitudinal direction. The filament that forms the liquid discharge electrodes (3) is loop-shaped so that the part of the filament at the rear of the rear sheet (8) extends laterally in the direction of overlap with the part of the conductive filament positioned in the side facing the rear leaf body (8).
[0097] [0097] The exposed parts of the conductive insulated conductors and which extend over the back of the back sheet (8) are physically and electrically connected to the conductive insulated conductors by means of the location of the substrate (1) on the back side of the back sheet (8), with the conductive insulated conductors (2) facing the side facing the body. The substrate (1) is located so that the common contact area (4) protrudes from a posterior waist edge (12) of the absorbent article (5). This common contact area (4) can be connected to an electrical potential generator in order to produce an electrical potential between the various pairs of liquid discharge electrodes (3). The longest conductive insulated conductor (2) extends to the liquid discharge electrode positioned the farthest from the rear edge of the waist (12) and extends in the longitudinal direction beyond each of the other discharge electrodes. liquid (3). The longest conductive insulated conductor (2) does not connect physically and electrically with the other liquid discharge electrodes (3) that pass in the longitudinal direction, since each of the previous electrodes has a smaller lateral extension at the back of the rear leaf (8). Thus, the lateral extension of each of the liquid discharge electrodes (3) is gradually shortened from the liquid discharge electrodes (3) positioned further from the rear edge of the waist (12) to the discharge electrode of liquid (3) positioned closer to the posterior waist edge (12). Each of the conductive insulated conductors (2) extends to the respective liquid discharge electrode (3), but does not physically and electrically connect with any other liquid discharge electrodes (3) because of the space provided by the different lateral extensions of the liquid discharge electrodes (3) at the rear of the rear leaf (8).
[0098] [0098] In Figure 1c, the substrate (1) is properly located on the back sheet (8), but is not yet attached to it since adhesive between the isolated conductors (2) and the detection electrodes (3 ) can prevent conductivity. The way in which the substrate (1) is attached to the absorbent article (5) in the position shown in Figure 1c is made in the form of an additional layer (13), which has adhesive placed on one side facing the body and which is in contact both with a back of the substrate (1) and with a back of the back sheet (8), in order to protect the back sheet (8), the substrate (1) and the other layer (13) for the article absorbent (5). The other layer (13) can be a liquid impermeable film, or a hydrophobic nonwoven, for example.
[0099] [0099] The absorbent article (5) of Figure 1d is used as follows. An electrical potential generator (not shown) is connected to the common contact area (4), so that the respective contacts of the potential generator connect with the respective isolated conductors (2). An electrical potential is generated between the various pairs of isolated conductors (2), in order to perform the detection of liquid discharge. It is anticipated that all combinations of the two conductive isolated conductors can be activated or the potential generator can be limited to applying a potential between adjacent pairs of conductive isolated conductors (2), which corresponds to adjacent pairs of discharge electrodes of liquid (3). In use, assuming that an electrical potential is applied between the adjacent insulated conductors (2), the potential is transmitted to the associated liquid discharge electrodes (3) on the back of the rear leaf (8), the potential is transmitted through the backsheet (8) to the side facing the backsheet body (8) to thereby apply an electrical potential between the liquid discharge electrodes (3) in contact with the lower absorbent core (6). If the absorbent core (6) is dry in the region between the pair of activated liquid discharge electrodes (3), then substantially no current will follow between the pair of detection electrodes (3) and the electrical potential generator is able to detect this, perhaps through a resistance measurement. If the lower absorbent core (6) includes a liquid discharge that extends between the activated detection electrodes (3), then the current is able to flow because of the ions present in the liquid discharge. The current flow will be able to be detected by the potential generator, perhaps by means of a resistance measurement.
[0100] [0100] Each pair of longitudinally adjacent liquid discharge electrodes (3) can be considered to form a liquid discharge detection region. The potential generator is able to detect which of the regions includes a liquid discharge, thus allowing to determine a longitudinal extent of the liquid discharge. The longitudinal extension is particularly useful information since it also allows an estimate to be made of a liquid discharge volume. In addition, a subsequent insult of liquid discharge will cause the longitudinal extent of the liquid discharge to change, which means that more regions of liquid discharge detection are found by the potential generator to include a liquid discharge, thus allowing the number of insults for liquid discharge is determined. All of this information is useful for diagnostic and research purposes, as well as for a caregiver to determine when the absorbent article (5) should be changed. In addition, the information allows the quality of care to be assessed (for example, how full an absorbent article (5) can be before the absorbent article is exchanged).
[0101] [0101] As an alternative to the architecture of the detection electrode of Figure 1, the segments can be replaced by separate conductive paths arranged to overlap at least partially with each other on the side facing the body and at the rear, respectively, of the rear leaf (8) and to be connected by a conductive path that runs from the side facing the body to the back of the rear leaf (8). This would allow the absorbent article (5) to be produced without the need for conductive insulated conductors to be sewn into the backsheet (8), which can be time-consuming to manufacture, and complicated to do otherwise than by hand. Such conductive paths can be formed by printing or laminating conductive ink or conductive foil. Thus, the liquid discharge detection electrodes (3) can be formed by means of printed circuits on each side of the back sheet (8) and connected by conductive paths that pass through the back sheet.
[0102] [0102] Another embodiment of the present invention is shown in Figure 2. In this embodiment, both the insulated conductors and the detection electrodes are on a rear side of the backsheet, as opposed to the embodiment of Figure 1, where the insulated conductors are in the the rear side of the rear leaf and the detection electrodes are on the side facing the body of the rear leaf. The description of the various embodiments of Figures 2 to 5 does not include a further discussion of the characteristics already described above. Reference will be made to the description above for common characteristics.
[0103] [0103] Figure 2a shows a substrate (20) that has a conductive pattern (21) disposed on it. The conductive pattern (21) includes a plurality of electrically and physically separated conductive lines (22). The conductive lines (22), respectively, include a longitudinally extending portion (23) and a laterally extending portion (24). The longitudinally extending portion (23) provides an isolated conductor that extends from the laterally extending portion (24) to a region of common contact (4) or adjacent to it, where a potential generator is connected to make contact with each of the conductive lines (22). The laterally extending portion (24) provides a detection electrode for communication with the absorbent core (6), (7) of the absorbent article (5). The laterally extending portions (24) are longitudinally separated from each other and overlap to a greater degree in relation to the lateral direction. The substrate (20) can be a non-woven material or a plastic film. The substrate (20) can be a paper-based material or it can be a plastic sheet. Conductive lines (22) can be formed by printing or coating conductive material on the substrate (20). Thus, the conductive pattern (21) can be formed by conductive paint or a conductive foil. The substrate (20) is formed to include a flap of reduced lateral extension (26), at a longitudinal end, which serves as the common contact region (4).
[0104] [0104] In Figure 2b, a plurality of holes (25) are formed through the backsheet (8). These holes can be preformed in the backsheet (8), which is then mounted to the absorbent article (5) or the absorbent article (5) can be prefabricated and the holes (25) subsequently drilled or otherwise cut on the back sheet (8). The holes (25) are formed in relative longitudinal and lateral positions that correspond with the longitudinal and lateral positions required by the conductive pattern (21) on the substrate (20). The holes (25) are thus uniformly distributed in a longitudinal direction and are aligned in a lateral direction. The holes (25) are respectively in the form of an elongated groove or, they are laterally oriented and have a lateral extension of the same magnitude as that of the lateral portions (24) of the conductive lines (22). The plurality of holes (25) is located longitudinally and laterally within the absorbent core (6), (7), when the absorbent article (5) is seen in plan and placed in a flat state.
[0105] [0105] In Figure 2c, a production step is illustrated in which the substrate (20) is associated with the back of the back sheet (8), so that at least a part of each of the side portions (24) the conductive lines (22) communicate with the absorbent core (6), (7) through a respective orifice among the plurality of orifices (25). That is, the plurality of holes, respectively, reveals a lateral portion (24) of one of the conductive lines (22) to the absorbent core (6), (7). The substrate (20) is located so that the flap portion (26) projects from a rear waist edge (12) of the absorbent article (5) to form a protruding flap to attach to a potential generator . The potential generator can hold on the flap part (26), such as by means of jaws that can move between the opposite open and closed positions. The opposite jaws would include respective contacts for each of the conductive lines (22). In the position of the substrate (20) illustrated in Figure 2c, a longitudinally extending portion (23) of the conductive lines (22) is not in physical or electrical communication with the absorbent core (6), (7) because it is not revealed by holes (25) and is separated from the absorbent core (6), (7) by the backsheet (8). The backsheet thus avoids direct electrical communication between the longitudinally extending portions (23) or isolated conductors and the absorbent core (6), (7).
[0106] [0106] In Figure 2d, the substrate (20) is fixed in position by an additional layer (27), which extends longitudinally and laterally beyond the substrate (20) and which is glued to the back of the substrate (20) and to the rear side of the back sheet (8). The additional layer (27) can be a liquid-impermeable or hydrophobic sheet of nonwoven or film material. An objective of the other layer (27) is to provide liquid impermeability to a rear side of the absorbent article (5) with respect to the plurality of holes (25) formed in the liquid impermeable back sheet (8). The additional layer (27) thus allows the substrate material (20) to be chosen to optimize its function as a conductive carrier pattern, rather than with the substrate creation restriction (20) having to be made of a material impermeable to liquid.
[0107] [0107] In manufacturing, it is envisaged that conventional markers could be used to align the side portions (24) of the conductive lines (22) with a corresponding hole (25). The conductive pattern (21) on the substrate (20) can be machine-made and then associated with the absorbent core (6), (7) in a way that can also be implemented with the machine, while still allowing the absorbent article (5) is manufactured in a conventional manner. The manufacturing process of the absorbent article only needs to be modified by the steps of forming holes in the back sheet and associating the substrate (20) with the back sheet, in order to convert the absorbent article into an absorbent liquid discharge detection article. Thus, absorbent liquid discharge detection articles can be manufactured by machine and at a rate that allows low-cost production.
[0108] [0108] In use, a potential generator is connected to the flap portion (26) of the substrate (20), so that a respective contact is engaged with the respective conductive line (22). The potential generator capable of applying an electrical potential between the various combinations of conductive line pairs (22), in particular the pairs associated with longitudinally adjacent conductive portions (24). An activated pair of conductive lines (22) will form an electrical potential between the associated pair of conductive portions (24). Part of these conductive portions (24) that extend laterally is electrically connected with the absorbent core (6), (7) through a respective hole (25), in the rear sheet (8). When the absorbent core is dry between the pair of holes (25), substantially no current will flow between the pair of conductive portions (24) exposed to the absorbent core through the pair of holes (25). When the absorbent core (6), (7) is wet, so that the absorbent core extends longitudinally between the activated pair of laterally extending conductive portions (24) exposed by the holes (25), the current is able to flow from one of the laterally conductive portions (24) to the other conductive part (24) through the wet absorbent core in a longitudinally extending conductive bridge formed by the wet absorbent core (6), (7). This current flow can be detected by the potential generator to provide positive detection of a liquid discharge from a detection region. The embodiment of Figure 2 allows a plurality of longitudinally separated detection regions to be defined between the longitudinally adjacent holes (25) in the backsheet.
[0109] [0109] In the embodiment shown in Figure 2, there are four associated holes and conductive portions (24) that extend laterally, thus forming three longitudinally separated detection regions. Another series of orifices and conductive portions (24) that extend laterally can be implemented, such as three, five, six, seven, eight, nine or more. An embodiment of three holes is shown in Figure 2e. For example, the array of detection electrodes shown in Figure 3 could be transferred to the embodiment shown in Figure 2, thus providing eight conductive portions (24) that extend laterally and spaced longitudinally and associated holes (25), portions that extend longitudinally (23) and contacts, in which the laterally extending portions (24) would be equally spaced in the longitudinal direction and arranged in the same way as that shown in Figure 1.
[0110] [0110] Figure 2e shows an exploded view of an absorbent article (5) of the same type, as described above in relation to Figures 2a to 2d in which a backsheet includes grooves oriented laterally, these grooves revealing an absorbent core ( 6), (7) laterally extending parts (24) of a conductive pattern (21) and the conductive pattern is arranged on a substrate (20). In the version of Figure 2e, there are three longitudinally distributed holes (25) and revealed portions (24) of the conductive pattern (21), thus forming two longitudinally spaced liquid discharge detection regions between longitudinally adjacent pairs of revealed portions (24 ).
[0111] [0111] Figure 3 shows yet another embodiment of the present invention in which a backsheet (32) is provided with a plurality of holes (34) in order to communicate part of the respective conductive elements (31) underlying the backsheet ( 32) with an overlying absorbent core (33).
[0112] [0112] The backsheet (32) is of a conventional liquid-impermeable species. The backsheet (32) can be formed of a plastic film or a hydrophobic non-woven material. The backsheet (32) has a plurality of holes (34) formed through the backsheet (32). The holes (34) are spaced longitudinally from each other with respect to a longitudinal axis of the absorbent article. In addition, the holes (34) are spaced laterally in relation to each other. In this way, a line connecting each of the holes (34) extends diagonally with respect to the longitudinal axis.
[0113] [0113] An absorbent core (33) is arranged on a surface on the side facing the body of the back sheet (32). The absorbent core (33) is also of a conventional type, which is normally formed from a mixture of absorbent fibers deposited via air and superabsorbent particles or polymer fibers. The absorbent core (33) is positioned to cover all the holes (34).
[0114] [0114] In a rear region of the rear leaf (32), a plurality of conductive elements (31) is provided. Each conductive element (31) is provided in the form of a strip of conductive material. The conducting elements (31) are elongated and oriented longitudinally. They extend from a longitudinal edge of the backsheet (32) to the opposite longitudinal edge of the backsheet (32). Each conducting element (31) is located to cover one of the holes (34), thus providing a path for the passage of electrical current from one of the conducting elements (31), through the associated hole (34) to the core. absorbent if the absorbent core is wet where the associated hole (34) is positioned. The holes (34), respectively, reveal only a small portion of the conductors (31) to the absorbent core (33). The holes (34), respectively, have a size comparable to that of the associated conductive elements (31) in the lateral direction, while they are significantly smaller than the conductive elements (31) in the longitudinal direction.
[0115] [0115] A substrate or carrier sheet (30) is provided along a rear side of the conductive elements (31), so as to completely cover the conductive elements (31) and attach to a rear part of the rear sheet (32 ). The substrate (30) is made of a liquid impermeable material, so as to ensure that the liquid discharge cannot flow out of the absorbent article from the absorbent core (33), through any of the holes (34).
[0116] [0116] Figure 3 shows only a part of the absorbent article. The backsheet (32) is larger than the one shown, in order to also define front and back waist regions to extend around the wearer's waist and also the leg contours, including leg elastics associated with the contours of the leg to fix the absorbent article to a user. In addition, a top sheet will be positioned on the side of the back sheet (32) facing the body, so that the absorbent core (33) is placed between the top sheet and the back sheet (32). These are conventional features of an absorbent article and need not be described in detail here.
[0117] [0117] In use, a potential generator is placed in contact with the conductive elements (31), so that a respective contact of a potential generator contacts a respective conductive element (31). In this way, the potential generator is able to act on several pairs of conductive elements (31) to apply an electrical potential between the two. In case the absorbent core (33) is dry in a space between the pair of holes (34), the potential generator would detect a current relatively equal to zero between the pair of associated conductive elements (31), whereas, if the core absorber (33) is wetted through space, a relatively large current flow will be able to be detected by forming a conductive bridge that extends through the wet absorbent core (33). Thus, a straight line extending between the pairs of holes (33) can be considered as a detection region and the arrangement in Figure 3 allows the potential generator to determine whether the absorbent core (33) is wet in a plurality of detection regions, where these detection regions are longitudinally spaced from one another as a result of the plurality of holes (34) being spaced longitudinally from each other.
[0118] [0118] It can be seen from Figure 3 that the absorbent article does not necessarily have to be made first and then provided with the ability to detect liquid discharge. It can be predicted by the person skilled in the art that the substrate material can be supplied by a manufacturing method, the backsheet material (32) can be provided, the holes (34) can be formed in the backsheet material and the substrate ( 30) and the backsheet (32) can be connected together with the conductive elements (31) disposed between them and properly positioned, so as to cover one of the respective holes (34). Thereafter, the remaining functions of the absorbent article can be manufactured, including providing the absorbent core (33) on the side facing the back sheet body (32) and sandwiching the absorbent core (33) between a top sheet and the back sheet ( 32). A similar manufacturing method is applicable to the embodiment of Figure 2 in which the substrate (20), the conductive pattern (22) and the backsheet (8), with the holes (25) formed therein, can be initially supplied and, in then, the remainder of the subsequently made absorbent article, including the arrangement of the absorbent core (6), (7) on one side facing the backsheet body (8).
[0119] [0119] In the present embodiment, the holes (34) are substantially circular. Other shapes for the holes (34) can be used, such as squares, triangles, etc., when the backsheet (32) is seen flat. It is further provided that the corresponding size and shape of the holes can be applied to the embodiment of Figure 2, so that the embodiment in Figure 2 would not have holes in the form of grooves (25) laterally oriented, but, conversely, it would have holes that are sized for be significantly smaller in the lateral direction, so as to reveal only a small portion of the laterally extending portions (24) of the conductive pattern (24). In such a variation of the embodiment of Figure 2, the grooves can be aligned along a common longitudinal axis, particularly a central longitudinal axis.
[0120] [0120] In the embodiments of Figures 2 and 3, the shortest straight line between the holes (34) extends through the backsheet material. That is, the holes (34) are longitudinally spaced and connected in the longitudinal direction by the material of the backsheet, which ensures that the chain has to pass through the backsheet to the absorbent core and back through the backsheet, in order to avoid any direct leakage of currents between conductive liquid discharge electrodes.
[0121] [0121] In another variation of the embodiment of Figure 3, the conductive elements (31) can be provided in the form of wires or lines, instead of flat material, in the form of a strip, as shown in Figure 3. In the same way, the line or wire shape of the conductive pattern (21) of Figure 2 could instead be provided by conductive material in the form of flat strip. In all embodiments of the present invention, conductive paths can be provided by means of conductive foil, conductive paint or wire, and can be arranged on the substrate (30) of the backsheet (32) by printing, coating, adhesion, etc.
[0122] [0122] In the embodiment of Figure 3, three holes (34) and three conductive elements (31) are shown. In an alternative embodiment, there may be a greater number of conductive elements (31) and associated holes (34), such as four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or more. The more conductive elements (31) and associated holes (34) are provided, the greater the resolution for determining the location and extent of any discharge of liquid in the absorbent core (33). The counterpart to this greater precision is the increase in material costs in terms of providing more conductive elements, reduction in the integrity of the backing sheet due to the increase in the number of holes, and greater complexity of the circuit in the potential generator. In another alternative, two conductive elements (31) and associated holes (34) can be provided.
[0123] [0123] Figure 4 shows yet another embodiment of the present invention in which holes in a backsheet of an absorbent core are used to communicate underlying conductive paths with an absorbent core. The absorbent article (40) includes a backsheet (41) and a substrate (42) applied to a backside of a backsheet. Sandwiched between the backsheet (41) and the substrate (42) is a conductive pattern for detecting liquid discharge. The absorbent core and the top sheet on the side facing the rear sheet body (41) are not shown in Figure 4 for reasons of clarity. Alternatively, the reference number (40) can be considered to be directed to a laminate of a backsheet (41) and a substrate (42) with a conductive pattern (43) arranged between them which forms a precursor to form an article absorbent, when combined with the absorbent core and the top sheet.
[0124] [0124] The backsheet (41) and the substrate (42) have been described in the previous embodiments and this disclosure is applicable to the present embodiment. The embodiment of Figure 4 differs from the previous embodiments, in particular from the embodiments of Figures 2 and 3 in the relative arrangement of the holes (44) of the backsheet (41) and the underlying conductive pattern (43). The conductive pattern (43) includes two separate circuits (45), (46). The first and second circuits (45), (46) include loop parts (47), respectively, each loop part (47) has a closed end (48) and an open end (49) so that the loop (47) is in the form of an open loop when the absorbent article is placed in a flat state and seen in plan. The first and second circuits (45), (46) are oriented in inverse relation to each other, so that the closed ends (48) of the loop parts (47) are positioned on the longitudinally opposite parts of the absorbent article (40) . From the closed end (48), the first loop (45) extends longitudinally backwards, while the remaining portion of the loop part (47) of the second loop (46) extends in a forward direction towards the closed end (48).
[0125] [0125] The first and second circuits (45), (46) also include insulated conductor parts (49) and contact parts (50) connected to the loop part (47). The isolated conductor (49) extends from the open loop part (47) to a common contact region on a posterior waist portion of the absorbent article (40). In the shown embodiment, the common contact region, in which the contacts (50) are arranged, is provided as a tab within the impression of the backsheet (41), when the absorbent article is placed in a flat state and seen in plan. This can also be provided in the form of a flap protruding from a rear waist edge of the rear sheet (41), as in the embodiments of Figures 1 and 2. The first and second circuits (45), (46), respectively , include a pair of contacts for receiving the respective active and return poles of a potential generator, so that the current can be caused to flow around the loop part (47).
[0126] [0126] The holes (44) formed through the rear leaf (41) are longitudinally spaced from each other and distributed evenly in the longitudinal direction. The holes (44) are shaped in the form of laterally oriented grooves, which are arranged to reveal, respectively, parts of the loop part (47) of both the first and second circuits (45), (46). In particular, the holes (44) uncover the round circuit legs (47) of laterally adjacent parts of the first and second circuits (45), (46).
[0127] [0127] In use, a potential generator is applied in the common contact region, so that the respective potential generator contacts come into contact with the contacts (50) of the first and second circuits (45), (46). A potential applied between the pair of contacts of the first circuit causes the current to flow around the circuit (45) and, particularly, around the open loop part (47). If the overlying absorbent core is wet, in order to connect the forward and return legs of the open loop part (47), then a short circuit will form, so that substantially all of the current does not flow around the circuit complete and instead flows through a short circuit created by the short circuit. This path of reduced resistance is detectable by the potential generator and the extent of the reduced resistance is indicative that, in the longitudinal direction, the short circuit has occurred. More specifically, the potential generator is able to determine whether the short circuit occurred in hole 1, hole 2 ... hole n of the plurality of holes (44), with each consecutive numbered hole being spaced from the previous hole in the longitudinal direction . Thus, the first circuit (47) allows a longitudinal extent of a liquid discharge backwards to be determined.
[0128] [0128] The second circuit (46) works in the same way, but also because it is arranged in reverse in the longitudinal direction in relation to the first circuit (47), a longitudinal extension of the liquid discharge can be detected from the front to the back. The first and second circuits (45), (46) therefore allow the opposite longitudinal extensions of any discharge of liquid in the absorbent core to be determined by the potential generator, which gives an indication of the overall area and the position of the discharge of total liquid. Imagining a discharge of liquid covering the first and second holes (44) closest to the contacts (50), as shown in Figure 4, the current would cause a short circuit in the hole closest to the contacts (50) of the second circuit (46), and the current will short-circuit the second orifice of the contacts (50) in the longitudinal direction, thereby allowing the potential generator to determine that the liquid discharge covers these two orifices, and therefore has at least this longitudinal extension, but not as longitudinal as large as reaching the third orifice.
[0129] [0129] The potential generator can include a series of resistance values for the first and second circuits (45), (46) in a memory as reference values for establishing a comparison with the measured resistance. The stored resistance reference values will correspond to expected resistance measurements if the complete circuit is traversed, if a short circuit occurs in hole 1, hole 2 ... hole n, where each of these holes is successively farther in the direction current transport from the pair of contacts to the particular circuit (45), (46). The potential generator can thus make a comparison between the measured resistance value and the reference values to determine which of the holes (44) the short circuit has occurred in and thus determine the longitudinal location. When this information is determined for both the first and second circuits (45), (46), the longitudinal extent of the liquid discharge from the absorbent core can be determined.
[0130] [0130] In the embodiment of Figure 4, the holes (44) have a groove shape and are oriented laterally, in order to uncover both the forward and back legs of the first and second circuits (45), (46). An alternative arrangement can be provided in which each of the holes (44) is divided into two or four holes that are spaced laterally in relation to each other, where each of these groups of two or four holes is spaced longitudinally in the same way like the slot holes (44) of Figure 4. In the scenario of two laterally spaced holes, the first of these holes will reveal round trip legs of the first circuit (45), and the second of these holes will reveal round trip legs of the second circuit (46), in which the portions are discovered spaced laterally and aligned longitudinally. In the four-hole scenario, the first hole uncovers part of an outlet leg from the first circuit, the second hole will reveal a return leg from the first circuit, the third hole will reveal an outlet leg from the second circuit and the fourth hole will reveal a return leg from the second circuit (46). These four holes will be spaced laterally, but aligned longitudinally. A number of these groups of two or four holes will be spaced longitudinally to achieve an architecture according to the principles described above in relation to Figure 4. The use of holes divided in this way can allow an integrity of the backsheet (41) to be increased , compared to the larger holes shown in Figure 4, but the counterpart to this advantage is the increase in manufacturing complexity, particularly in the alignment of each hole with the legs or respective legs of the first and second circuits (45), (46 ).
[0131] [0131] In another alternative, as shown in Figure 4, the holes (44) could be distributed unevenly. It may be advantageous to concentrate the holes (44) in the area of the article most likely to receive the liquid discharge and to have the holes (44) less concentrated in other areas. That is, the longitudinal distance between the holes (44) could be less in an expected area of urination reception and the holes (44) could be more longitudinally spaced outside the expected area of urination reception. Such non-uniform distribution of the liquid discharge detection parts to concentrate the liquid discharge detection parts in an expected liquid discharge area of the absorbent core in relation to other areas of the absorbent core is applicable to all embodiments disclosed herein.
[0132] [0132] In the embodiment of Figure 5, a laminate is illustrated which comprises a substrate (62) and a backsheet (60) with the conductive lines (61) sandwiched between them. The conductive lines (61) extend from a longitudinal edge to the opposite longitudinal edge of the laminate (63). The conductive lines (61) are electrically and physically separated from each other. The conductive lines (61) are spaced in a lateral direction. The backsheet (60) includes a plurality of holes (64). The holes (64), respectively, discover a discrete portion of the conductive lines (61) so that, when the laminate (63) is disposed within an absorbent article, the absorbent core will be positioned to cover the holes (64). The holes (64) are longitudinally distributed so that each hole (64) is longitudinally spaced from the other holes (64) to provide liquid discharge detection regions between the longitudinally neighboring holes (64).
[0133] [0133] In use, the numbering of the conductive lines (61) in order from the left side in Figure 5 as lines 1, 2, 3 and 4, respectively, an electrical potential is applicable between the first and second lines to activate a first pair of lines and an electrical potential can be applied between the second and third lines to activate a second pair of conductive lines (61). An electrical potential is also applicable between the third and fourth conductive lines (61) to provide a third pair of conductive lines (61). Each pair of conductive lines (61) is associated with a liquid discharge detection region between longitudinally adjacent holes (64). The regions are longitudinally distributed. In the event that the absorbent core is dry, substantially no current will be detected extending between the first to the third pair of conductive lines (61). In the case of a wet absorbent core that is located to connect the holes (64) associated with the first pair of conductive lines (61), the current is able to flow and can be determined by the potential generator, thus indicating that the discharge of liquid is present in that detection region. Likewise, if a discharge of liquid connects the holes (64) associated with the second or third pair of conductive lines (61), then a determination can be made that a discharge of liquid is present in the longitudinal position of the second or third detection region.
[0134] [0134] Such detection regions formed by a pair of holes that reveal a part of a pair of separate electrical conductors can be distributed longitudinally along the portion of the backsheet (60) that is in contact with an absorbent core. For example, three, four, five, six, seven, eight or nine or more of said detection regions can be provided. Of course, the more detection regions are provided, the more conductive lines (61) must be incorporated in the laminate (63) and also a greater number of contacts must be made with the potential generator, which can increase the complexity and cost of manufacturing.
[0135] [0135] The laminate (63) of Figure 5 can be advantageous in terms of production. The material for forming the substrate (62) can be fed together with the material for forming the conductive lines (61) and the material for forming the backsheet (60) in a machine direction. These three material streams can be brought together in a laminating station to create the liquid discharge detection laminate (63). The backsheet can be formed with the holes (64), before the lamination step or after the lamination step. Markers can be used in the manufacturing process in order to properly align a hole (64) with a respective conductive line (61). This laminate (63) forms a precursor for the formation of an absorbent article. Subsequent steps include arranging an absorbent core on the backsheet (60) in order to cover the holes (64) and sandwich the absorbent core between a topsheet and the backsheet (60).
[0136] [0136] Conductive lines can be provided by a plurality of conductive wires or filaments, such as metal, in particular silver, coated polymer wires or metal filaments, such as stainless steel wires. Alternatively, the substrate (62) could be fed to a printing or coating station, so that, for example, conductive ink or conductive film is applied to the substrate (62), which can then be fed to a laminating station, in which the substrate (62) is laminated to a rear part of the rear sheet material.
[0137] [0137] The machine direction feed of the laminate (63) can be formed on a roll for use in the manufacture of absorbent articles, or it can be fed directly within a process of forming the absorbent article as conventional backing sheet material in manufacturing absorbent article.
[0138] [0138] Thus, the present invention provides, in some aspects, an absorbent article having a backsheet with an absorbent core disposed on one side facing the body of the backsheet. On a rear side of the backsheet, a substrate is provided that supports a conductive pattern such as a liquid discharge detection circuit that is capable of being connected to an electrical voltage generator to effect liquid discharge detection. At least one or a plurality of holes is formed through the backsheet to communicate portions of the conductive pattern with the absorbent core. Longitudinally adjacent pairs of the revealed portions of the conductive pattern form conductive liquid discharge detection regions to detect liquid discharge in the absorbent core. The detection regions are distributed longitudinally in relation to the absorbent core.
[0139] [0139] The outermost portions revealed (and the associated orifices if a plurality of orifices are present) along a longitudinal axis (i.e., the front and rear portions revealed) are preferably spaced at least 0.1L , 0.2L, 0.3L, 0.4L and 0.5L, where L is the total length of the absorbent core along a central longitudinal axis. Additionally or alternatively, a pair of longitudinally adjacent portions revealed arranged closer to a central transverse axis of the absorbent core are preferably located at a distance from each other of 0.8 L or less, 0.7 L or less, 0.6 L or less and 0.5 L or less. Additionally or alternatively, the liquid discharge detection regions or disclosed portions are preferably distributed over at least 0.5L, 0.6L, 0.7L, 0.8L and 0.9L.
[0140] [0140] In the embodiments of Figures 1 and 2, the absorbent core is shown in the form of first and second layers of absorbent core. This is not necessarily the case. A single integrated absorbent core can be used. The construction of the absorbent core is also adaptable in the other embodiments of Figures 3 to 5.
[0141] [0141] In embodiments 2, 3 and 5, a plurality of holes are provided in the backsheet to reveal the underlying conductive parts of liquid discharge sensors. In an alternative embodiment, a smaller number of holes (or just one hole) could be provided to reveal the conductive portions. For example, one can imagine a diagonally oriented hole revealing a part of each of the conductive elements in the embodiments of Figures 3 and 5, or a longitudinally oriented hole revealing a part of each of the conductive elements laterally oriented in the embodiment of Figure 2.
[0142] [0142] The present application has been described in particular with regard to a diaper for incontinent adults, and the teachings presented here for each of the embodiments are preferably used in such a diaper. However, the liquid discharge detection capability is applicable to a wider range of absorbent items, such as intimate pads, baby, child and infant diapers and other such absorbent items where it may be of interest to detect the presence , the extent (particularly longitudinal measurement), the volume or number of liquid discharges. Such information may be of interest for the purposes of marketing, diagnosis and user care.

权利要求:
Claims (10)
[0001]
ABSORBENT ARTICLE (5, 40), comprising an electrically insulating back sheet (8, 32, 41, 60) having an absorbent core (6, 7, 33) on one side facing the back sheet body (8, 32, 41 , 60) and at least one liquid discharge sensor on a rear side of the backsheet (8, 32, 41, 60), and at least one hole (25, 34, 44, 64) through the backsheet (8, 32, 41, 60) communicating the at least one liquid discharge sensor with the absorbent core (6, 7, 33), so that the liquid discharge sensor has an altered electrical property when a part of the absorbent core (6 , 7, 33) associated with the liquid discharge sensor through at least one orifice (25, 34, 44, 64) changes from a dry to a wet state, where the at least one liquid discharge sensor it is provided by a conductive material that partially communicates with the absorbent core (6, 7, 33) through at least one hole (25, 34, 44, 64), in which there is a plural age of conductive lines (22, 23, 24, 61) that form at least one liquid discharge sensor, each of the lines (22, 23, 24, 61) being partially revealed through at least one orifice (25 , 34, 44, 64), and wherein the at least one liquid discharge sensor is placed on a carrier sheet or substrate (1, 20, 30, 42, 62); wherein the at least one hole (25, 34, 44, 64) is a plurality of holes (25, 34, 44, 64) provided in the backsheet (8, 32, 41, 60), each hole of the plurality of holes (25, 34, 44, 64) revealing to the absorbent core (6, 7, 33) an underlying conductive part of the liquid discharge sensor; wherein each hole in the plurality of holes (25, 34, 44, 64) is longitudinally spaced from the other holes (25, 34, 44, 64), where a longitudinal axis extends in a direction from front to back of the absorbent article (5, 40); the absorbent article (5, 40) characterized in that there are a plurality of longitudinal conductive lines (23) spaced connected to a respective lateral conductive line (24), the lateral conductive lines (24) being spaced longitudinally from each other, at least one orifice (25, 34, 44, 64) revealing part of each of the lateral conductive lines (24) to the absorbent core (6, 7, 33) in order to form the at least one liquid discharge sensor.
[0002]
ABSORBENT ARTICLE (5, 40), according to claim 1, characterized by comprising a plurality of liquid discharge sensors, each of the sensors capable of determining the presence of liquid discharge in a respective region of the absorbent core (6, 7, 33), in which a plurality of holes (25, 34, 44, 64) are provided in the backsheet (8, 32, 41, 60), each liquid discharge sensor communicating with the absorbent core ( 6, 7, 33) through at least one hole (25, 34, 44, 64) in the backsheet (8, 32, 41, 60).
[0003]
ABSORBENT ARTICLE (5, 40), according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that the plurality of longitudinal conductive lines (23) are laterally spaced from each other.
[0004]
ABSORBENT ARTICLE (5, 40), according to claim 3, characterized in that there is a respective orifice (25, 34, 44, 64) for each of the longitudinal conductive lines (23).
[0005]
ABSORBENT ARTICLE (5, 40) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it includes a plurality of conductive insulated conductors (2, 31, 49) extending from at least one liquid discharge sensor to a common contact region (4), in which the insulated conductors (2, 31, 49) are covered by the backsheet (8, 32, 41, 60).
[0006]
ABSORBENT ARTICLE (5, 40) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that a plurality of conductive lines (22, 23, 24, 61) is arranged on a first electrically insulating layer forming the carrier sheet or substrate ( 1, 20, 30, 42, 62) which are partially covered by the backsheet (8, 32, 41, 60), in which portions of the conductive lines (22, 23, 24, 61) exposed by at least one hole (25, 34, 44, 64) on the back sheet (8, 32, 41, 60) are in electrical communication with the absorbent core (6, 7, 33), providing electrodes (3) for at least one discharge sensor. liquid, and in which portions of the conductive lines (22, 23, 24, 61) covered by the backsheet (8, 32, 41, 60) include insulated conductors (2, 31, 49) extending between each of the electrodes ( 3) and a fixing area for a control unit, the rear leaf (8, 32, 41, 60) ensuring that the insulated conductors (2, 31, 49) are electrically isolated from the core the absorbent (6, 7, 33), in which the electrodes (3) are arranged so that a plurality of longitudinally spaced liquid detection regions are provided, each detection region defined between a pair of electrodes (3) being electrically isolated from each other when the absorbent core (6, 7, 33) is dry and that they are arranged so that when the control unit connects an electrical voltage to the corresponding insulated conductors (2, 31, 49) and when the core absorber (6, 7, 33) is wet, a conductive bridge is formed between the pair of electrodes (3) by the wet absorbent core (6, 7, 33), in which a longitudinal axis extends in a direction from the front to the behind the absorbent article (5, 40) when in use, where preferably the electrodes (3) are elongated and oriented laterally, the insulated conductors (2, 31, 49) are elongated and oriented in the longitudinal direction, and at least one hole (25, 34, 44, 64) on the back sheet (8, 32, 41, 60) includes a plurality elongated holes (25, 34, 44, 64) oriented laterally forming windows that expose the conductive lines (22, 23, 24, 61) to form each of the electrodes (3).
[0007]
ABSORBENT ARTICLE (5, 40) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the at least one liquid discharge sensor comprises a plurality of liquid discharge sensors that are distributed longitudinally along at least minus 0.5L, 0.6L, 0.7L, 0.8L or 0.9L, where L is the total length of the absorbent core (6, 7, 33) when viewed in plan, when the absorbent article (5, 40) is placed in a flat state.
[0008]
ABSORBENT ARTICLE (5, 40) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that each hole of the plurality of holes (25, 34, 44, 64) is at least 4 mm2, 9 mm2, 16 mm2, 2 cm2 or 3cm2 of area.
[0009]
ABSORBENT ARTICLE (5, 40), according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that there is a respective orifice (25, 34, 44, 64) for each of the lateral conductive lines (24).
[0010]
METHOD OF MANUFACTURING AN ABSORBENT ARTICLE (5, 40), comprising the supply of an electrically conductive pattern (21, 43) on a substrate (1, 20, 30, 42, 62), the supply of a backsheet material ( 8, 32, 41, 60) electrical insulator to the absorbent article (5, 40) which includes at least one hole (25, 34, 44, 64), providing an absorbent core (6, 7, 33), and making the article absorbent (5, 40) so that the substrate (1, 20, 30, 42, 62) is disposed on a rear side of the back sheet (8, 32, 41, 60), the absorbent core (6, 7, 33 ) being placed on one side facing the backsheet body (8, 32, 41, 60), the absorbent core (6, 7, 33) being placed in at least one hole (25, 34, 44, 64), and so that part of the conductive pattern (21, 43) is revealed to the absorbent core (6, 7, 33) through at least one orifice (25, 34, 44, 64), so that a current flow is changed between subparts of the conductive pattern part (21, 43) when a portion of the absorbent core (6, 7, 33) connecting the subparts changes from a dry to a wet state, wherein the conductive pattern (21, 43) comprises a plurality of conductive lines (22, 23, 24, 61); wherein the at least one hole (25, 34, 44, 64) is a plurality of holes (25, 34, 44, 64), each hole (25, 34, 44, 64) revealing a part of the conductive pattern (21 , 43) to the absorbent core (6, 7, 33); wherein at least some holes in the plurality of holes (25, 34, 44, 64) are longitudinally spaced along the absorbent core (6, 7, 33); characterized by the conductive lines (22, 23, 24, 61) being oriented laterally with respect to a central longitudinal axis that passes through the absorbent core (6, 7, 33) which is therefore elongated when the absorbent article (5, 40) is seen in the plan and laid out plan; wherein preferably the part of the conductive pattern (21, 43) revealed to the absorbent core (6, 7, 33) at least one orifice (25, 34, 44, 64) is part of the lateral lines.

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同族专利:

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MX2014007898A|2014-09-15|

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BR112014016037A8|2017-07-04|

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CN104066409A|2014-09-24|

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CN104066409B|2016-11-09|

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AU2011384722A1|2014-07-24|

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BR112014016037A2|2017-06-13|

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RU2579341C2|2016-04-10|

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EP2797565B1|2018-10-24|

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DK2797565T3|2018-12-17|

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WO2013097899A1|2013-07-04|

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CA2858411A1|2013-07-04|

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CA2858411C|2018-03-27|

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MX351845B|2017-10-31|

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JP6116578B2|2017-04-19|

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法律状态:
2018-12-18| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according art. 34 industrial property law|

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2019-02-05| B25D| Requested change of name of applicant approved|Owner name: ESSITY HYGIENE AND HEALTH AKTIEBOLAG (SE) |

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2019-09-03| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: suspension of the patent application procedure|

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2020-06-02| B09A| Decision: intention to grant|

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2020-07-21| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 29/12/2011, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |

优先权:

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申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题

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PCT/EP2011/074229|WO2013097899A1|2011-12-29|2011-12-29|Absorbent article comprising a wetness detector|

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